Apologetics of Nature in the Works of Latin American Thinkers (on José Martí’s Ideas). Part One

The paper attempts to conceptualize the natural philosophical ideals of the Cuban poet and thinker José Martí based on their importance for the formation of the national system of values. The appeal to the topic of nature and the issue of its actualization are discussed against the background of the historical role of nature and man of America, which Europe assigned to them in the world processes. The author reveals ideological foundations and the content of the system of J. Martí’s views, represented by “philosophy of relationship” or “philosophy of universal interrelation”. The topic of the Nature-Human relationship in J. Martí’s works is developed in the context of situations: the “detachment/exclusion of man from Nature”, “Nature’s appeal to man”. The question on the authenticity of human existence as a loss of “naturalness” is raised and the way of its acquisition as a “return to simplicity” is revealed. Nature in J. Martí’s system of axiological categories is presented as the super value. J. Martí’s idea of sacralization of Nature and likening Nature to the Temple is considered.

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